Phase 3: T-301~T-304 SEO/部署/SQLite/统计/MVP验收完成(42 tests)

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+# 部署指南
+
+> 适用于 2 核 2G VPS（Ubuntu 22.04/24.04），Gunicorn + Nginx + SQLite。
+
+## 前置条件
+
+```bash
+# 确保系统已安装
+python3.12 --version        # Python 3.12+
+git --version               # Git
+nginx -v                    # Nginx
+# 如缺少 Python 3.12：
+sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
+sudo apt update
+sudo apt install python3.12 python3.12-venv python3.12-dev
+```
+
+## 一、应用部署
+
+```bash
+# 1. 克隆仓库
+git clone http://ilaer.eicp.net:8418/opc/skelet.git /var/www/skelet
+cd /var/www/skelet
+
+# 2. 创建虚拟环境
+python3.12 -m venv .venv
+source .venv/bin/activate
+
+# 3. 安装依赖
+pip install -r requirements.txt
+pip install gunicorn
+
+# 4. 配置环境变量
+cp .env.example .env
+# 编辑 .env 填写真实密钥
+export $(cat .env | xargs)
+
+# 5. 静态文件收集 & 数据库迁移 & 种子数据
+python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
+python manage.py migrate
+python manage.py createsuperuser
+python manage.py seed_data --clear
+
+# 6. 测试应用可运行
+python manage.py check
+```
+
+## 二、Gunicorn Systemd Service
+
+```bash
+# /etc/systemd/system/skelet.service
+[Unit]
+Description=Skelet Gunicorn daemon
+After=network.target
+
+[Service]
+User=www-data
+Group=www-data
+WorkingDirectory=/var/www/skelet
+EnvironmentFile=/var/www/skelet/.env
+ExecStart=/var/www/skelet/.venv/bin/gunicorn \
+    --workers 2 \
+    --bind unix:/var/www/skelet/run/gunicorn.sock \
+    --access-logfile /var/log/skelet/access.log \
+    --error-logfile /var/log/skelet/error.log \
+    skelet.wsgi:application
+
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=5
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+```bash
+mkdir -p /var/www/skelet/run /var/log/skelet
+chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/skelet /var/log/skelet
+chmod 755 /var/www/skelet/.venv/bin/gunicorn
+
+systemctl daemon-reload
+systemctl enable skelet
+systemctl start skelet
+systemctl status skelet
+```
+
+## 三、Nginx 配置
+
+```nginx
+# /etc/nginx/sites-available/skelet
+server {
+    listen 80;
+    server_name yourdomain.com;
+    client_max_body_size 20M;
+
+    location /static/ {
+        alias /var/www/skelet/static/;
+        expires 30d;
+        add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
+    }
+
+    location /media/ {
+        alias /var/www/skelet/media/;
+    }
+
+    location / {
+        include proxy_params;
+        proxy_pass http://unix:/var/www/skelet/run/gunicorn.sock;
+        proxy_set_header Host $host;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+```bash
+ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/skelet /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
+rm -f /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
+nginx -t
+systemctl reload nginx
+```
+
+## 四、SQLite 上线检查（T-303）
+
+### JSON1 支持验证
+
+```bash
+python -c "import sqlite3; c=sqlite3.connect(':memory:'); c.execute('SELECT json(\'{\"a\":1}\')'); print('JSON1 supported')"
+```
+
+### 启用 WAL 模式
+
+```bash
+python manage.py dbshell
+    .journal_mode WAL;
+    .quit
+```
+
+验证：
+
+```bash
+python manage.py dbshell -- -cmd "PRAGMA journal_mode;"
+# 输出 wal
+```
+
+### 备份策略
+
+```bash
+# 每日备份脚本（crontab：0 3 * * * /root/backup-skelet.sh）
+
+#!/bin/bash
+BACKUP_DIR=/var/backups/skelet
+mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"
+DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)
+
+# 备份数据库（生产环境先暂停写入）
+sqlite3 /var/www/skelet/db.sqlite3 ".backup '$BACKUP_DIR/db-$DATE.sqlite3'"
+
+# 备份 media 文件
+tar -czf "$BACKUP_DIR/media-$DATE.tar.gz" -C /var/www/skelet media/
+
+# 保留最近 30 天备份
+find "$BACKUP_DIR" -name 'db-*.sqlite3' -mtime +30 -delete
+find "$BACKUP_DIR" -name 'media-*.tar.gz' -mtime +30 -delete
+```
+
+### PostgreSQL 迁移触发条件
+
+当前使用 SQLite（读多写少场景足够）。当出现以下任一情况时，应迁移 PostgreSQL：
+
+- 后台多人同时编辑时出现 `database is locked`
+- 预计日均写入请求超过 100 次
+- 索引无法加速复杂筛选查询
+- 上线了用户提交、评论、收藏、会员等前台写入功能
+
+迁移方式：
+
+```bash
+# 1. 使用 pgloader 迁移数据
+# 2. 更新 settings/production.py 数据库配置至 PostgreSQL
+# 3. 设置环境变量 DATABASE_URL=postgres://user:pass@host/db
+```
+
+## 五、日常维护
+
+### 重启应用
+
+```bash
+systemctl restart skelet
+```
+
+### 重新加载 Nginx
+
+```bash
+systemctl reload nginx
+```
+
+### 回滚部署
+
+```bash
+cd /var/www/skelet
+git revert HEAD
+systemctl restart skelet
+```
+
+### 查看日志
+
+```bash
+journalctl -u skelet -n 50
+tail -f /var/log/skelet/error.log
+```