137 lines
6.5 KiB
Python
137 lines
6.5 KiB
Python
 
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""生成可调参数的 FIRE(Barista 半退休) 测算表。改黄色参数格，结果用 Excel 公式自动重算。"""
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from openpyxl import Workbook
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from openpyxl.styles import Font, PatternFill, Alignment, Border, Side
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from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
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wb = Workbook()
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ws = wb.active
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ws.title = "FIRE测算"
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# ---- 样式 ----
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title_font = Font(name="微软雅黑", size=14, bold=True, color="FFFFFF")
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title_fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="2F5597")
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head_font = Font(name="微软雅黑", size=11, bold=True, color="FFFFFF")
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head_fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="4472C4")
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sect_font = Font(name="微软雅黑", size=11, bold=True, color="2F5597")
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input_fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="FFF2CC") # 黄色=可改
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input_font = Font(name="微软雅黑", size=11, bold=True, color="C00000")
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calc_fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="E2EFDA") # 绿色=自动算
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normal_font = Font(name="微软雅黑", size=11)
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ok_fill = PatternFill("solid", fgColor="C6E0B4")
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thin = Side(style="thin", color="BFBFBF")
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border = Border(left=thin, right=thin, top=thin, bottom=thin)
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center = Alignment(horizontal="center", vertical="center")
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left = Alignment(horizontal="left", vertical="center")
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def put(cell, value, font=normal_font, fill=None, align=left, fmt=None, bd=True):
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c = ws[cell]
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c.value = value
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c.font = font
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if fill: c.fill = fill
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c.alignment = align
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if fmt: c.number_format = fmt
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if bd: c.border = border
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return c
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# ---- 标题 ----
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ws.merge_cells("A1:F1")
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put("A1", "FIRE 半退休 (Barista) 可调参数测算表", title_font, title_fill, center, bd=False)
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ws.row_dimensions[1].height = 28
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ws.merge_cells("A2:F2")
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put("A2", "用法：只改【黄色格子】里的数字，右侧/下方结果会自动重算。", Font(name="微软雅黑", size=9, italic=True, color="808080"), align=left, bd=False)
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# ---- 参数区 ----
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put("A3", "① 可修改参数（改这里）", sect_font, bd=False)
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params = [
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("起始本金（元）", 70000, "#,##0"),
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("每月定投（元）", 1500, "#,##0"),
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("年开支（元）", 65000, "#,##0"),
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("兼职年收入（元）", 40000, "#,##0"),
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("安全提取率", 0.035, "0.0%"),
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("收益率-保守", 0.04, "0.0%"),
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("收益率-中性", 0.06, "0.0%"),
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("收益率-乐观", 0.08, "0.0%"),
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]
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r = 4
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for name, val, fmt in params:
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put(f"A{r}", name, normal_font, input_fill, left)
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put(f"B{r}", val, input_font, input_fill, center, fmt)
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r += 1
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# 记下行号
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ROW = {"本金":4, "月投":5, "开支":6, "兼职":7, "提取率":8, "保守":9, "中性":10, "乐观":11}
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# ---- 自动计算：目标本金 ----
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put("A13", "② 自动计算结果", sect_font, bd=False)
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put("A14", "年缺口（开支-兼职，元）", normal_font, calc_fill)
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put("B14", f"=B{ROW['开支']}-B{ROW['兼职']}", normal_font, calc_fill, center, "#,##0")
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put("A15", "目标本金（元）", Font(name="微软雅黑", bold=True), calc_fill)
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put("B15", f"=B14/B{ROW['提取率']}", Font(name="微软雅黑", bold=True, color="C00000"), calc_fill, center, "#,##0")
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put("A16", "目标本金（万元）", Font(name="微软雅黑", bold=True), calc_fill)
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put("B16", "=B15/10000", Font(name="微软雅黑", bold=True, color="C00000"), calc_fill, center, "0.0")
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# ---- 逐年测算表 ----
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put("A18", "③ 逐年资产测算（含分红复投；第一个出现 ✅ 的年份≈达成 Barista FIRE）", sect_font, bd=False)
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headers = ["年数", "保守(元)", "中性(元)", "乐观(元)", "中性(万)", "是否达标(中性)"]
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hr = 19
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for i, h in enumerate(headers):
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put(f"{get_column_letter(i+1)}{hr}", h, head_font, head_fill, center)
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start = hr + 1
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for y in range(1, 31):
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rr = start + (y - 1)
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put(f"A{rr}", y, normal_font, None, center, "0")
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# FV(年化/12, 年数*12, -月投, -起始本金) -> 正数
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put(f"B{rr}", f"=FV($B${ROW['保守']}/12, A{rr}*12, -$B${ROW['月投']}, -$B${ROW['本金']})", normal_font, None, center, "#,##0")
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put(f"C{rr}", f"=FV($B${ROW['中性']}/12, A{rr}*12, -$B${ROW['月投']}, -$B${ROW['本金']})", normal_font, None, center, "#,##0")
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put(f"D{rr}", f"=FV($B${ROW['乐观']}/12, A{rr}*12, -$B${ROW['月投']}, -$B${ROW['本金']})", normal_font, None, center, "#,##0")
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put(f"E{rr}", f"=C{rr}/10000", normal_font, None, center, "0.0")
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put(f"F{rr}", f'=IF(C{rr}>=$B$15,"✅达标","")', Font(name="微软雅黑", bold=True, color="548235"), None, center)
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# ---- 列宽 ----
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widths = [22, 14, 14, 14, 12, 16]
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for i, w in enumerate(widths):
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ws.column_dimensions[get_column_letter(i+1)].width = w
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# ---- 说明页 ----
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ws2 = wb.create_sheet("说明")
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notes = [
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"【这张表怎么用】",
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"1. 在『FIRE测算』页，只改黄色格子里的数字（本金、月投、开支、兼职收入、提取率、收益率）。",
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"2. 绿色格子和下方表格会自动重算，不用动公式。",
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"",
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"【目标本金怎么来的】",
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"目标本金 =（年开支 − 兼职年收入）÷ 安全提取率",
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"例：开支6.5万、兼职4万、提取率3.5% → (65000-40000)/3.5% = 约71万。",
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"兼职每多赚1万，目标本金大约少29万。",
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"",
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"【提取率为什么用 3.5%】",
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"美国常用4%，但中国低利率、市场波动大、社保有空窗，打折到3%~3.5%更稳健。",
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"想更保守可把提取率改成 0.03。",
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"",
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"【收益率怎么理解】",
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"已包含分红再投资（总回报口径）。参考组合：红利ETF/工行50-60% + 宽基指数30% + 货基/国债10-15%。",
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"保守4% / 中性6% / 乐观8% 为假设值，不是承诺。",
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"",
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"【达成年限怎么看】",
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"看『是否达标(中性)』列，第一个出现 ✅ 的年份，就是按中性收益大约达成的年数。",
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"想看保守/乐观，可对比 保守(元)、乐观(元) 两列与目标本金B15的大小。",
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"",
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"【加速的关键】",
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"把『每月定投』从1500改成3000试试，会看到达成年限大幅缩短——提高储蓄率比纠结收益率更有效。",
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"",
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"⚠️ 本表为个人理性测算与学习参考，不构成投资建议，收益率为假设值、不保证实现。",
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]
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for i, line in enumerate(notes, start=1):
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c = ws2[f"A{i}"]
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c.value = line
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if line.startswith("【") or line.startswith("⚠️"):
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c.font = Font(name="微软雅黑", bold=True, color="2F5597")
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else:
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c.font = Font(name="微软雅黑", size=10)
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ws2.column_dimensions["A"].width = 95
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out = "/mnt/d/opc_project/fire_goal/FIRE可调测算表.xlsx"
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wb.save(out)
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print("saved:", out)
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